Five years ago, a National Academy of Sciences study concluded that the decision to use a dispersant requires making a choice: saving the beach at the expense of the ocean. By Carol van Strum, edited by Eric Francis.
While BP tries one Rube Goldberg remedy after another to stop the oil gusher it unleashed in the Gulf, one of the most frightening aspects of the disaster is how totally clueless BP, the oil industry, and the government are about how to stop the gusher — misleadingly called a spill, leak or oil slick — or how to prevent or mitigate shoreline destruction.

Rube Goldberg's design for an automatic toothpaste applicator. Rube, who lived from 1883 to 1970, was an American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer, and inventor. Goldberg is best known for a series of popular cartoons he created depicting complex devices that perform simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways – now known as Rube Goldberg machines.
Worse yet, they seem to be violating all common sense and scientific knowledge on the effects of the dispersants being used to conceal the damage caused by the plume of petroleum.
It’s not as if this disaster was actually unprecedented — though we’re being told over and over that it is. Way back in 1979, a drilling rig exploded, burned, sank, and gushed oil into the Bay of Campeche in the Gulf of Mexico, sending 10,000 – 30,000 barrels of oil a day into the sea for more than nine months. Like the BP explosion, the catastrophic Ixtoc blowout was caused by a malfunctioning blowout preventer. Although the Ixtoc wellhead was located in only 170 feet of water and was accessible to dive teams and submersible vehicles, all efforts to stop the flow — including the top-kill lunacy repeated by BP last week — failed until the Mexican government-owned oil company drilled two relief wells. Oil continued to flow for three months after completion of the first relief well. Use of the same Corexit dispersants at Ixtoc failed to prevent some 3 million barrels of oil from crossing the Gulf and washing up on the Texas shoreline.
Note that relief wells are considered to be the definitive solution in this kind of runaway well, and BP is currently digging two such wells, which will be used to plug the currently active well with concrete. Time estimates on that happening are for August, at best. This is a deep well, and it’s located beneath miles of solid rock. [See BP graphic of the process.] BP was originally going to drill one well — the Obama administration told them they had to drill two. This is a good thing, since they are trickier than anyone is letting on. [We're working on coverage of this issue.]
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